Interaction between Thermal Comfort, Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy Consumption of Educational Buildings: A Comprehensive Review

Thermal comfort and indoor air quality (IAQ) of educational buildings can affect students’ academic performance well-being are closely related to ventilation energy consumption. Demands the environmental within classroom generally vary with education levels result in consumption accounting for a considerable proportion total use bulk buildings. Its huge energy-saving potential is attracting worldwide attention from scholars governments. Therefore, appropriate operation strategies systems should be adopted effectively reduce without sacrificing thermal IAQ. However, absence relevant standards guidelines designing environment considering special features remains an important research question. This study conducts comprehensive review determine gaps identify future directions interaction between comfort, IAQ The results show that: (1) prediction model consider influences genders, ages socioeconomic backgrounds; (2) mixed-mode coupling natural mechanical approaches preferred given its advantage lower improved but control need further exploration; (3) Optimizing passive design parameters (e.g., window wall ratios, orientations sun shading installations) significantly demands while maintaining comfort; (4) More studies required investigating during heating period; (5) university clearly requires studies, especially on bacterial fungal aerosol pollutants, more assessment built environment.